Кафедра теорії, технологій і методик дошкільної освіти

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Перегляд Кафедра теорії, технологій і методик дошкільної освіти за Тема "aesthetic activities"

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    Естетичне виховання дошкільників як наукова проблема у першій половині ХХ століття
    (Кам’янець-Подільський національний університет імені Івана Огієнка (К-ПНУ), Інститут педагогіки НАПН України, 2019) Танько, Т. П.; Чернявська, М. В.
    У статті систематизовано погляди провідних науковців першої половини ХХ століття на проблему естетичного виховання дошкільників, проаналізовано методичні посібники з питань використання мистецтва у процесі естетичного виховання дітей у дитячих садках. В статье систематизированы взгляды ведущих ученых первой половины ХХ столетия на проблему эстетического воспитания дошкольников, проанализированы методические пособия по вопросам использования искусства в процессе эстетического воспитания детей в детских садах. The search of ways to improve the process of aesthetic education of preschoolers is impossible without appeal to historical experience in order to rethink and outline the prospects for the creative use of progressive finds in modern conditions. In the article views of the leading scientists of the first half of the XX century on a problem of esthetic education of children are systematized; methodical manuals on the use of art in the process of children aesthetic activities in kindergartens are analyzed. It was found that the process of finding ways of aesthetic activities of preschool children took place under the influence of the theory of “free education” at the beginning of the 20th century the main provisions of which were the refutation of formal education and old traditional methods as well as negation of the leadership role of the educator. The artwork of preschool children was considered only as their independent activity, and the main function of the teacher in this process was to give “help” to the natural development of the child. In the forties of the XX century there was a need to develop a theory of preschool education, specific instructions for holding classes with preschoolers, methods of active guidance for children's aesthetic perceptions and activities criteria for reading, performance by children of musical material, poems, etc. The theory of learning appears to replace of ”free education” in the field of art and aesthetic education of preschoolers according to which a teacher is given a leading role in the educational process of kindergarten. These years the researches of experts are devoted the questions of determining the content of study in kindergarten, methods of art education (visibility and word), requirements for art material for preschoolers, development of art and creative abilities in children, the succession of tasks and methods of art education for kindergartens and schools, development of techniques for using folk art in aesthetic activities of preschoolers, conducting classes on singing, drawing, learning poetry, organizing games, holidays, entertainments and methodical issues of aesthetic activities of preschoolers.